COMMENT | The Burj Khalifa |  |
Behind the glitz
The very dynamics of the architecture of the tallest towers and their historical symbolism suggest acts of defiance. Dubai’s Burj Khalifa, now the world’s tallest building, takes the act of rebellion against physical limitations to new levels — literally.
By Rafia Zakaria, January 15, 2010

Over 160 storeys, it boasts the world’s highest swimming pool and perhaps as expiation also the world’s highest mosque. Its golf course requires over four million gallons of water a day. Last week, amid much fanfare, the legendary tower finally threw open its majestic doors to the public.
Previously known as Burj Dubai the structure was renamed Burj Khalifa in honour of the Abu Dhabi ruler and UAE president who had bailed out struggling Dubai with a sum of billions of dollars. Envisioned and designed by a Chicago firm, the Burj is said to have been inspired by the vision of architect Frank Lloyd Wright’s Sky City which was to be built in Chicago. However, it was never realised as it lacked both the funds and labour. Neither of these were seemingly a problem in the construction of the Burj which employed thousands of labourers from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh for several years for its construction.
According to reports, the vast majority of these workers have never even been to the top of the building they spent years constructing. But not seeing the view from the top is hardly the biggest problem faced by those who constructed the Burj; there are allegations that many have died in the construction of the Burj. Such construction projects take a huge toll. Records kept by the Indian mission for only one year showed that nearly 1,000 Indian workers had died, more than 60 in accidents on the site. The Pakistani and Bangladeshi missions do not keep records of the many labourers who have died possibly deterred by the criticism of the UAE authorities. Based on estimates the total number of workers killed in such construction projects is believed to be well into the thousands.
Days after the opening of the Burj a UAE court absolved the president’s brother for the beating and torture — an event that was videotaped — of an Afghan grain merchant. Sheikh Issa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan was recorded brutally thrashing the man, stuffing sand into his mouth, burning his private parts with cigarettes and beating him with a nailed board. The video, which is available on the Internet, shows the sheikh literally pouring salt on his bloody wounds.
The court that heard the case acquitted the sheikh on the grounds that he had been under the influence of ‘drugs’. Put simply, despite incontrovertible recorded evidence, the sheikh was simply too powerful to be brought to task for hurting a man who was in the Emirati scheme of things little more than a slave.
The inauguration of the tower and the acquittal of the sheikh is a lurid juxtaposition of the hypocrisy, gluttony and crude injustice that lies beneath a glitzy façade. None of the innovation or glamour is indigenous; the architecture is American, the designers European and the slave labour South Asian.
Only 10 per cent of Dubai’s population is indigenous and actually has some say in how the emirate is run. The rest, either labourers or the educated middle class from Pakistan, Bangladesh and India, are only too happy to swallow their pride and meekly accept second-class status as gratitude for employment. The slave-like labourers languish in camps hapless and helpless at the hands of sheikhs and companies who may choose to abuse them at whim.
In the meantime, the lurid contrast of limitless wealth and gluttonous consumption is seemingly lost on middle-class expatriates in Dubai. The expat bankers, engineers and doctors who have got work permits to escape dim prospects in their own countries unquestioningly consume the capitalist wealth of Dubai without ever contesting the injustice of their own political silencing. They wander in the malls, stare in veneration at the towers and flaunt their designer trinkets at cousins and relatives left at home as markers of their economic superiority.
Never once do they ask what basis of justice allows a government to pay two people different amounts based on their nationality. Nor do they wonder at the justifications of virtual labour camps where workers toil for 18 hours a day and are not paid for months, conditions that would result in protest in any part of the developed world. Similarly, tourists from around the world visiting Dubai are happily duped by the fireworks, the pretty beaches and now the tall towers without taking a moment to question the inequity that fuels them or the injustice that makes them possible.
True, injustice exists everywhere and Dubai sustains Pakistan’s exported labour force whose remittances are crucial to the country’s economic survival. But it must be remembered that the case of Dubai is unique. There is no place in the contemporary West where workers may live and work and even be born and never have the opportunity to participate in the governance of the country.
Unless those who make up the expatriate labour force of the emirates are allowed a voice Dubai’s progress will continue to be a product of exploitation of poverty and need. Indeed, if the world is revolted by reports of torture in Guantanamo, and campaigns to hold the US accountable, so too must it demand accountability for the sheikhs of Dubai without being duped by the luxurious façade of their towers.
(Photo: J. Rodman Jr.)
Rafia Zakaria is Associate Editor of altmuslim.com. This article previously appeared in Dawn (Pakistan).
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Isn't it ironic that Afghanistan and Iraq were bombed to bits after a propoganda programme that demonised its citizens and raised issues of human rights alongside trumped up charges of warring on the west.
Yet here we have extremely vile regimes permitting the worst of abuses because the international community is making bogeymen of "terrorists" fighting in their own countries. All because of three separate things:
1.) Economic ties to the US ~ both cheap oil exports, construction programmes with the US and western commodity dependence.
2.) Ideological ties with the US ~ the protection of Israel and opposition of Iran or the democratic evolution of the middle east.
3.) The victims are brown and a large chunk are non-Christian Muslims or Hindus.
As western Muslims we need to take both stands because we are born with both heritages. That stand is both for the progress of Islam and the West too.
- Posted by Ghulam (South Africa) on January 18, 2010 at 03:01 AM
>>he injustice of their own political silencing.
So long as the buses work and we have good food on the table, who cares about politics?! Seriously...what do you expect from people? Marx was wrong: the "proletariat" don't give a rat's arse.
- Posted by OmarG on January 20, 2010 at 02:15 PM
OmarG >>> So long as the buses work and we have good food on the table, who cares about politics?! Seriously...what do you expect from people? Marx was wrong: the "proletariat" don't give a rat's arse.
>> The expat bankers, engineers and doctors who have got work permits to escape dim prospects in their own countries unquestioningly consume the capitalist wealth of Dubai without ever contesting the injustice of their own political silencing. <<
Evil flourishes where good men do nothing. I was always under the impression that the proletariat were those same abused slave-workers who are being pressed down under the thumb of capitalist exploitation. The educated expats are the bourgeoisie who by all modern capitalists accounts are the principled middle class who do no wrong and remedy all bad. In that case, Marx was right, the "bourgeoisie" don't give a rat's arse.
Narrated in hadeeth, that Allah SWT answers the duaa of the oppressed person before He answers the duaas of the Muslims. And we all know the ayahs of the Quraan relating to helping those who are abused. Just because these articles don't constantly repeat Quraanic ayats and hadeeth to project their position, I think that they all try quite sincerely to place themselves within Allahs mercy.
- Posted by Ghulam (South Africa) on January 21, 2010 at 09:36 AM
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altmuslim this week - july 26, 2010 - This week, WikiLeaks blows the cover off 5 years of secrets in America's Afghan adventure, Britain's David Cameron gets too honest about Israel and Pakistan, and the parade of fear-mongering Republicans who have found an issue to galvanize their most xenophobic supporters - your nearest mosque.
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altmuslim review 032 - Muslim writers everywhere! We speak about the new wave of Western Muslim literature and interview two authors with recently released books. Our own Irfan Yusuf talks about his memoir, Once Were Radicals and Reza Aslan tells us more about his second book, How to Win a Cosmic War (June 11, 2009)
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Recent and upcoming talks and offsite articles by altmuslim contributors
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No freak out about South Park, Zahed Amanullah, The Guardian, Comment is Free, April 23, 2010.
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Shahed will be a guest on NPR's State of Belief discussing Barack Obama's outreach to the Muslim world, April 17, 2010.
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'Jihad Jane': not the usual suspect, Wajahat Ali, The Guardian, Comment is Free, March 18, 2010.
Al-Awlaki, a new public enemy, Zahed Amanullah, The Guardian, Comment is Free, December 30, 2009.
Islamophonic: Review of the year, Riazat Butt, Zahed Amanullah and David Shariatmadari, Cif Belief (The Guardian), December 18, 2009.
Fort Hood has enough victims already, Wajahat Ali, Comment is Free (The Guardian), November 6, 2009
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Children of Dust (published by HarperOne, an imprint of HarperCollins), the first book by longtime altmuslim.com contributor Ali Eteraz, is released in the US, Canada, and the UK on October 13, 2009.
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State-sponsored Sufism, Ali Eteraz, Foreign Policy, June 10, 2009.
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